Dr. Peter Crooks

Associate Professor/Senior Lecturer in Medieval History

Research Interests

I am a medieval historian specialising in the political cultures of Ireland and Britain in the later Middle Ages. My primary research interest is in Ireland 1150–1550 and, arising from that, in the wider 'English world' or 'Plantagenet empire' of which Ireland formed an integral part. I am editor of the New Cambridge History of Britain, vol. 2: 1100–1500. More generally, I have published on the comparative history of colonialism and empires, on the history of concepts, on historiography, the ‘social history’ of the archive, and digital humanities.

In 2016, I founded the initiative that led to the Virtual Record Treasury of Ireland (VRTI). I led the VRTI for ten years from 2016 to 2025, and won the Trinity Innovation Award for Societal Impact. In 2022, the Archive and Record Association awarded VRTI its highest distinction, the ‘Roger Ellis Prize’ — only the tenth time the prize has been awarded in the past fifty years. I remain closely involved in the strategic development of VRTI and other Digital Humanities initiatives.

In 2023, I co-edited a special issue of Analecta Hibernica (no. 53) on ‘The Fire of 1922’ in partnership with VRTI. I am also principal editor of a five-volume calendar of the medieval Irish Chancery Rolls, nearing completion for IMC.

I am Director of Trinity’s MPhil in Medieval Studies, a member of the Irish Manuscripts Commission, and a Principal Investigator in ADAPT — the SFI Research Centre for AI-Driven Digital Content Technology.

Before returning to Trinity in 2013, I was a Past and Present Society Research Fellow at the Institute of Historical Research, London, and a Lecturer in Late Medieval History at the University of East Anglia.

At the Trinity Long Room Hub (2018 to 2021), I was the Academic Coordinator of the Multiannual Series entitled, 'Out of the Ashes: Collective Memory, Cultural Loss and Recovery'.

Together with Seán Duffy, I am series editor of the Trinity Medieval Ireland Series. Five volumes in the series have appeared to date including works by Robin Frame, Donnchadh Ó Corráin, Katharine Simms and Bernadette Williams. I am also series editor of the James Lydon Lectures in Medieval History and Culture, published by Cambridge University Press.

Publications

Books

New Cambridge History of Britain, Vol. II: 1100–1500. Ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (in production).
Irish Chancery Rolls, c.1300–1500. Irish Manuscripts Commission. 5 volumes.
- Volume I: The Plantagenet Kings to 1360
- Volume II: The Age of Intervention
- Volume III: Lancaster, York and Tudor to c.1500
2023
Analecta Hibernica, no. 53: Special Issue on ‘The Fire of 1922’. Irish Manuscripts Commission.
Law and the Idea of Liberty in Ireland: From Magna Carta to the Twentieth Century, ed. with Thomas Mohr. Irish Legal History Society.

Using Concepts in the Middle Ages: Perspectives on Britain and Ireland, 1100–1500, ed with Jackson Armstrong and Andrea Ruddick. Palgrave.

Government, War and Society in Medieval Ireland: Essays by Edmund Curtis, A.J. Today-Ruthven and James Lydon. 2nd edition.

Empires and Bureaucracy from Late Antiquity to the Twentieth Century, ed. with Timothy H. Parsons. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
The Plantagenet Empire, 1259–1453, ed. with D. Green & W.M. Ormord. Shaun Tyas: Harlaxton Medieval Studies no. 26.
The Geraldines and Medieval Ireland: The Making of a Myth, ed. with S. Duffy. Dublin: Four Courts Press. Trinity Medieval Ireland Symposium 1.

Articles and Book Chapters

‘The King’s Subjects Beyond the Realm’ in The Cambridge Companion to Late Medieval English Kingship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (LINK)

‘How to Reconstruct a Lost Archive in the Digital Age: The Virtual Record Treasury of Ireland, The Fire of 1922, and the Archival Loss and Recovery Model (ALARM)’. Archives et Bibliothèques de Belgique (LINK)

Peter Crooks and Lynn Kilgallon, ‘ “Of Old Time Annexed to Your Crown”: Documents on the Irish Parliament and the Crisis of 1441–2’, Analecta Hibernica, 53. Irish Manuscripts Commission.
‘The Charter Reforged: The Red Book, Materiality and Ireland's Magna Carta’ in Law and the Idea of Liberty in Ireland: From Magna Carta to the Present. Irish Legal History Society.

‘Colony’ in Using Concepts in Medieval History: Perspectives on Britain and Ireland, 1100-1500. Palgrave Macmillan.

‘Bureaucracy’ in Information: A Historical Companion. Princeton, Princeton University Press.

‘The Structure of Politics in Theory and Practice, 1210–1541’, in The Cambridge History of Ireland I: Medieval Ireland, ed. B. Smith. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

‘Before Humpty Dumpty: The First English Empire and the Brittleness of Bureaucracy, c. 1259–1453’ in Empires and Bureaucracy in World History, ed. Crooks and Parsons. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

'Reconstructing the Past: The Case of the Medieval Irish Chancery Rolls’, in N.M. Dawson and Felix Larkin (eds.), Lawyers, the Law and History: Irish Legal History Society Discourses and Other Papers, 2006-2011. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2013.

'State of the Union: Perspectives on English Imperialism in the Late Middle Ages’, Past and Present: A Journal of Historical Studies, no. 211 (August, 2011), 1-40.

'Representation and Dissent: “Parliamentarianism” and the Structure of Politics in Colonial Ireland, c.1370-1420’. The English Historical Review, 125:512.

'The Arrest of Sir Christopher Preston and the Fifth Earl of Kildare in 1418: A Missing Membrane’, Analecta Hibernica, no. 40 [commentary and edition of National Archives, UK (PRO), E 101/698/34].
'Factions, Feuds and Noble Power in the Lordship of Ireland, c.1356-1496’. Irish Historical Studies, 35:140.

PhD Supervision

I am interested in supervising doctoral research projects on many aspects of political culture and society in late-medieval Ireland and the wider English world, particularly projects that exploit the rich records produced in the medieval English colony in Ireland. Past doctoral students have examined the legal history and parliamentary culture of later medieval Ireland and the British Isles.

McCarthy, Joseph. ‘The Lancastrian Empire at War: A Legacy of Violence and Failure, c. 1399–1453’.
Ó Seanacháin Dálaigh, Diarmuid. ‘The Dynamics of Cultural Change in the Medieval Blackwater Valley, 1118–1398’. Government of Ireland/IRC Postgraduate Scholar.

Attwood, Anna. ‘The Irish Record Commission (1810–1830): Medievalism and the Emergence of Archivism in Ireland. Provost’s PhD Awardee.

Kelleher, Alexander Eton. ‘The Channel Islands in the Plantagenet realm, 1204-1341’.
McDonagh, Patrick. Across the Isles: The Transnational Lordship of the Mortimer Earls of March and Ulster 1368-1398

Carvalho, Vinicius Marino. ‘War, hazards, and economic degradation in Thomond, 1276–1318: agent-based approaches to the Uí Bhriain civil war’. Universidade de São Paulo. Co-Supervisor.

Kilgallon, Lynn. Parliament and Community: Theory and Practice in the Insular World, c.1399-c.1460

Hewer, Stephen. ‘Justice for all? Access by ethnic groups to the English royal courts in Ireland, 1252–1318’.

Postdoctoral Mentoring

I have the privilege of working with a large interdisciplinary research team associated with the Virtual Record Treasury of Ireland. Additionally, I have mentored postdoctoral fellows funded by the Irish Research Council Government of Ireland postdoctoral schemes and the Marie Skłodowska-Curie COFUND. Former research fellows include:

Dr Elizabeth Biggs, Virtual Record Treasury of Ireland (2020–6)
Dr Lynn Kilgallon, Virtual Record Treasury of Ireland (2020–6)
Alessandro Silvestri (IRC Postdoctoral Fellow on ‘Empire or Composite State? Aragonese Rule over the Mediterranean in Later Middle Ages’)
Debs Thorpe (Marie Skłodowska-Curie COFUND Fellow for 2017-18)