New Trinity research reveals that Agri-Environment Schemes (AESs) can significantly influence farmers’ mental wellbeing—both positively and negatively—depending on how they are designed and delivered. While spending time in nature and seeing environmental improvements often boost farmers’ sense of purpose and calm, many still face isolation and a lack of emotional support. The study highlights that peer discussion groups are one of the most effective ways to reduce loneliness, build confidence, and foster community among farmers. Crucially, the researchers argue that mental health must be treated as a core outcome of AES policy, alongside environmental and economic goals, to ensure schemes truly support the people who manage the land.