Publications and Further Research Outputs
Peer-Reviewed Publications
Alan Kramer, The War Lords and the Gallipoli Disaster. How Globalized Trade Led Britain to Its Worst Defeat of the First World War, by Nicholas A. Lambert. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2021, War in History, 30, (2), 2023, p203 - 217
Alan Kramer, '`Naval Blockade (of Germany)'', 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, Berlin, Germany, Freie Universität Berlin, 2020, -
Ute Daniel, Peter Gatrell, Oliver Janz, Heather Jones, Jennifer D. Keene, Alan Kramer and Bill Nasson, 'Naval Blockade (of Germany)', 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, 2019, -
Miguel Alonso, Alan Kramer, Javier Rodrigo, Fascist Warfare. Aggression, Occupation, Annihilation (1922-1945) , Cham, Palgrave Macmillan, 2019, 1-336pp
The Sharp End. Witnessing, Perpetrating, and Suffering Violence in 20th Century Wars in, editor(s)Catriona Pennell and Filipe Ribeiro de Meneses , A World at War, 1911-1949. Explorations in the Cultural History of War, Leiden and Boston, Brill, 2019, pp83-107 , [Alan Kramer]
Introduction in, editor(s)Miguel Alonso, Alan Kramer, and Javier Rodrigo , Fascist Warfare: Aggression, Occupation, Annihilation (1922-1945), Cham, Palgrave Macmillan, 2019, pp1-23 , [Miguel Alonso, Alan Kramer, and Javier Rodrigo]
From Great War to Fascist Warfare in, editor(s)Miguel Alonso, Alan Kramer, and Javier Rodrigo , Fascist Warfare: Aggression, Occupation, Annihilation (1922-1945), Cham, 2019, pp25-50 , [Alan Kramer]
Introduction: The World of Camps. A Protean Institution in War and Peace in, editor(s)Gregor Feindt, Anke Hilbrenner, Dittmar Dahlmann , Sport under Unexpected Circumstances: Violence, Discipline, and Leisure in Penal and Internment Camps, Göttingen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2018, pp23 - 40, [Alan Kramer]
La dinamica della distruzione. Cultura e uccisione di massa nella Prima guerra mondiale in, editor(s)Marco Mondini , La guerra come apocalisse. Interpretazioni, dislevamenti, paure, Bologna, Il Mulino, 2016, pp43 - 62, [Alan Kramer]
Begrenzte und entgrenzte Gewalt in den Invasionen von 1914: Belgien, Ostpreußen, Galizien, Serbien' in, editor(s)Frank Becker , Zivilisten und Soldaten. Entgrenzte Gewalt in der Geschichte, Essen, Klartext, 2015, pp169 - 187, [Alan Kramer]
Krieg in den Köpfen: Zur Einführung in, editor(s)Susanne Brandt, Thomas Gerhards, Uta Hinz, Gerd Krumeich , Deutschland, Frankreich und der Krieg. Historische Studien zu Politik, Militär und Kultur, Essen, Klartext, 2015, pp73 - 77, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer, 'Atrocities', 1914-1918 Online: International Encyclopedia of the First World War, Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, 2015, -
Alan Kramer, Recent Historiography of the First World War (Part II), Journal of Modern European History, 12, (2), 2014, p155 - 174
Alan Kramer, Dynamic of Destruction. Culture and Mass Killing in the First World War, Louvain Studies, 38, (3), 2014, p211 - 227
Alan Kramer, Recent Historiography of the First World War, Part I, Journal of Modern European History, 12, (1), 2014, p5 - 27
Blockade and economic warfare in, editor(s)Jay Winter , The Cambridge History of the First World War, vol. II: The State, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp460 - 489, [Alan Kramer]
Aseinatos en masa y genocido de 1914 a 1945: un intento de anális comparativo in, editor(s)Javier Rodrigo , Políticas de la violencia. Europa, siglo XX, Zaragoza, Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza, 2014, pp33 - 61, [Alan Kramer]
Janz, Oliver and Kramer, Alan, 'Introduction', 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War., Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, 2014, -
Einleitung in, editor(s)Alan Kramer and Bettina Greiner , Welt der Lager. Zur , Hamburg, Hamburger Edition, 2013, pp7 - 42, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer and Bettina Greiner, eds, Welt der Lager. Zur "Erfolgsgeschichte" einer Institution, Hamburg, Hamburger Edition, 2013, 359 pppp
Surrender of soldiers in World War I in, editor(s)Holger Afflerbach and Hew Strachan , How Fighting Ends: A History of Surrender, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2012, pp265 - 279, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer, Deutsche Kriegsgräuel im Ersten Weltkrieg?, Geschichte in Wissenschaft und Unterricht, 63, (7/8), 2012, p389 - 401
German War Crimes 1914 and 1941. The Question of Continuity in, editor(s)Sven Oliver Müller and Cornelius Torp , Imperial Germany Revisited: Continuing Debates and New Perspectives, Oxford and New York, Berghahn Books, 2011, pp239 - 250, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer, Editorial, Mittelweg 36. Zeitschrift des Hamburger Instituts für Sozialforschung, 20, (4), 2011, p36 - 39
Mass Killing and Genocide from 1914 to 1945: Attempting a Comparative Analysis in, editor(s)Christian Wiese and Paul Betts , Years of Persecution, Years of Extermination. Saul Friedländer and the Future of Holocaust Studies, London and New York, Continuum, 2010, pp213 - 232, [Alan Kramer]
Kriegsgräuel 1914/1941: Gewaltgeschichte und das Zeitalter der Weltkriege in, editor(s)Jörg Echternkamp, Wolfgang Schmidt, Thomas Vogel , Perspektiven der Militärgeschichte. Raum, Gewalt und Repräsentation in historischer Forschung und Bildung, Munich, Oldenbourg, 2010, pp173 - 186, [Alan Kramer]
Combatants and Noncombatants: Atrocities, Massacres, and War Crimes in, editor(s)John Horne , A Companion to the First World War, Oxford, Chichester, and Malden, Mass., Blackwell-Wiley, 2010, pp188 - 201, [Alan Kramer]
Prisoners in the First World War in, editor(s)Sibylle Scheipers , Prisoners in War, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2010, pp75 - 90, [Alan Kramer]
Ethnische Säuberungen vom Ersten Weltkrieg zum Nationalsozialismus in, editor(s)Gerd Krumeich , Nationalsozialismus und Erster Weltkrieg, Essen, Klartext, 2010, pp323 - 345, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer, Asesinatos en masa y genocidio entre 1914 y 1945: un intento de análisis comparativo, Ayer. Revista de Historia Contemporánea, 76, (4), 2009, p177 - 205
Deutsche Kriegsverbrechen 1914/1941: Kontinuität oder Bruch? in, editor(s)Sven Oliver Müller and Cornelius Torp , Das deutsche Kaiserreich in der Kontroverse, Göttingen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2009, pp341 - 356, [Alan Kramer]
'The First World War as cultural trauma' in, editor(s)Richard J.B. Bosworth, ed. , The Oxford Handbook of Fascism, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2009, pp32 - 51, [Alan Kramer]
German War Crimes 1914/1941: Continuity or Break? in, editor(s)Matteo Paesano for the Commissione italiana di storia militare , Conflitti militari e popolazioni civili. Guerre totali, guerre limitate, guerre asimmetriche/Military conflicts and civil populations. Total wars, limited wars, asymmetric wars, Rome, Ministero della Difesa and Commissione Italiana di Storia Militare, 2009, pp361 - 365, [Alan Kramer]
The First World War and German Memory in, editor(s)Heather Jones, Jennifer O'Brien, and Christoph Schmidt-Supprian , Untold War. New Perspectives in First World War Studies, Leiden and Bosten, Brill, 2008, pp385 - 415, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer, Dynamic of Destruction. Culture and Mass Killing in the First World War, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2007, 434 + xi-
War crimes, in John Merriman and Jay Winter, Europe Since 1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of War and Reconstruction, New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 2006, pp2671 - 2681, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer, The First Wave of International War Crimes Trials: Istanbul and Leipzig, European Review, 14, (4), 2006, p441 - 455
Perché i soldati uccidono i civili. L'esercito tedesco nel 1914 in, editor(s)Bruna Bianchi , La violenza contro la popolazione civile nella Grande Guerra, Milan, Unicopli, 2006, pp87 - 105, [Alan Kramer]
The War of Atrocities. Murderous scares and extreme combat in, editor(s)Alf Lüdtke and Bernd Weisbrod , The No Man's Land of Violence. Extreme Wars in the 20th Century, Göttingen, Wallstein and the Max Planck Institute for Historical Research, 2006, pp11 - 33, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer, John Horne, Response to Margaret Lavinia Anderson, German History, 24, 2006, p118 - 121
Italienische Kriegsgefangene im Ersten Weltkrieg in, editor(s)Hermann J.W. Kuprian, Oswald Überegger , Der Erste Weltkrieg im Alpenraum. Erfahrung, Deutung, Erinnerung. La Grande Guerre nell'arco alpino. Esperienze e memoria, Innsbruck, Universitätsverlag Wagner/Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano, 2006, pp247 - 258, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer and John Horne, 1914. Les Atrocités allemandes. La vérité sur les crimes de guerre en France et en Belgique, 2nd paperback ed, Paris, Texto/Tallandier, 2005, 1-828pp
Alan Kramer and John Horne, Les atrocités allemandes, Paris, Tallandier, 2005, 640pp
Les Belges en Allemagne - De Belgen in Duitsland in, editor(s)Serge Jaumain, Michaël Amara, Benoit Majerus, Antoon Vrints , Une Guerre totale? La Belgique dans la Premère Guerre Mondiale, Brussels, Archives générales du Royaume, 2005, pp199 - 205, [Alan Kramer]
'German "Atrocities" and Franco-German Opinion, 1914: the Evidence of German Soldiers' Diaries' in, editor(s)Michael Neiburg , World War I, Aldershot, Ashgate, 2005, pp323 - 355, [Horne J., Kramer A.]
Les Belges en Allemagne - De Belgen in Duitsland in, editor(s)Serge Jaumain, Michaël Amara, Benoit Majerus, Antoon Vrints , Une Guerre totale? La Belgique dans la Premère Guerre Mondiale, Brussels, Archives générales du Royaume, 2005, pp199 - 205, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer and John Horne, Deutsche Kriegsgreuel 1914. Die umstrittene Wahrheit (German edition of German Atrocities 1914), Hamburger Edition, Hamburg, 2004, 741pp
Asymmetrische Wahrnehmung: Besatzer und Besetzte in Hamburg, 1945-1949 [Asymmetric perception: occupiers and occupied in Hamburg, 1945-49] in, editor(s)Angelika Eder, Kristina Vagt , Wir sind auch da!' Über das Leben von und mit Migranten in europäischen Großstädten (Forum Zeitgeschichte, Bd. 14), Hamburg, Verlag Dölling und Galitz, 2003, pp143 - 164, [Alan Kramer]
Kriegsrecht und Kriegsverbrechen in, editor(s)Gerhard Hirschfeld, Gerd Krumeich, Irina Renz , Enzyklopädie des Ersten Weltkriegs, Paderborn, Schöningh, 2003, pp281 - 292, [Alan Kramer]
Versailles, deutsche Kriegsverbrechen und das Auslieferungsbegehren der Alliierten 1919/20 [Versailles, German War Crimes, and the Allied Demand for Extradition] in, editor(s)Wolfram Wette and Gerd R. Ueberschär , Kriegsverbrechen im 20. Jahrhundert (Festschrift für Manfred Messerschmidt), Darmstadt, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2001, pp72 - 84, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer, John Horne, German Atrocities, 1914. A History of Denial, New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 2001, 608 + xvpp
Der Umgang mit der Schuld. Die "Schuld im Kriege" und die Republik von Weimar [Coping with Guilt: "Guilt in War" and the Weimar Republic] in, editor(s)Dietrich Papenfuß und Wolfgang Schieder , Deutsche Umbrüche im 20. Jahrhundert, Cologne, Weimar, Vienna, Böhlau, 2000, pp77 - 96, [Alan Kramer]
War between soldiers and enemy civilians, 1914-1915 in, editor(s)Roger Chickering and Stig Förster, , Great War, Total War: Combat and mobilization on the Western Front, 1914-1918, Washington, D.C. and Cambridge, German Historical Institute and Cambridge University Press, 2000, pp153 - 168, [Alan Kramer, John Horne]
Wackes at War Alsace - Lorraine and the failure of German national mobilization, 1914-1918' in, editor(s)John Horne , State, society and mobilization in Europe during the First World War, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1997, pp105 - 121, [Alan Kramer]
Les "Atrocités allemandes": mythologie populaire, propagande et manipulation dans l'armée allemande in, editor(s)Jean-Jacques Becker, Jay Winter , Guerres et Cultures 1914-1918, Paris, Armand Colin, 1994, pp147 - 164, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer, John Horne, German atrocities and Franco-German opinion, 1914: the evidence of German soldiers' diaries, The Journal of Modern History (Chicago), 66, (1), 1994, p1 - 33
Alan Kramer, Les "Atrocités allemandes": mythologie populaire, propagande et manipulation dans l'armée allemande, Guerres Mondiales et conflits contemporains (Paris), 171, 1993
"Greueltaten". Zum Problem der deutschen Kriegsverbrechen in Belgien und Frankreich 1914 ["Atrocities". The Question of German War Crimes in Belgium and France 1914] in, editor(s)Gerhard Hirschfeld, Gerd Krumeich, and Irina Renz , "Keiner fühlt sich hier mehr als Mensch..." Erlebnis und Wirkung des Ersten Weltkriegs, Essen, Klartext, 1993, pp85 - 114, [Alan Kramer(]
Alan Kramer, Die britische Demontagepolitik am Beispiel Hamburgs, 1945-1950 [British Politics of Dismantling: the case of Hamburg], Hamburg, Verein für Hamburgische Geschichte, 1991
Alan Kramer, The West German Economy 1945-1955, Oxford and New York, Berg Publishers, 1991
British dismantling politics, 1945-9: A reassessment in, editor(s)Ian D. Turner , Reconstruction in Post-War Germany. British Occupation Policy and the Western Zones 1945-1955, Oxford, Munich and New York, 1989, pp125 - 154, [Alan Kramer]
'"Law-abiding Germans"? Social disintegration, crime and the reimposition of order in post-war Western Germany, 1945-9 in, editor(s)Richard J. Evans , The German Underworld. Deviants and Outcasts in German History, London and New York, 1988, pp238 - 261, [Alan Kramer]
Demontage der Industrie und Wiederaufbau des Hafens: Die Hamburger Wirtschaft im Zeichen der britischen Besatzungspolitik [Dismantling of industry and reconstruction of the harbour: Hamburg's economy under the British occupation] in, editor(s)Jürgen Ellermeyer and Rainer Postel , Stadt und Hafen. Hamburger Beiträge zur Geschichte von Handel und Schiffahrt (Arbeitshefte zur Denkmalpflege in Hamburg Nr. 8), Hamburg, 1986, pp142 - 153, [Alan Kramer]
Demontage in Hamburg in, editor(s)Josef Foschepoth and Rolf Steininger , Die britische Deutschland- und Besatzungspolitik 1945-1949, Paderborn, 1985, pp265 - 290, [Alan Kramer]
Non-Peer-Reviewed Publications
Zur Rezeption des Buches seit 2001 in, Deutsche Kriegsgreuel 1914. Die umstrittene Wahrheit (German edition of German Atrocities 1914), Hamburg, Hamburger Edition, 2018, ppI - II, [John Horne, Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer, Review of Axel Weipert, Salvador Oberhaus, Detlef Nakath, Bernd Hüttner, eds., "Maschine zur Brutalisierung der Welt"? Der Erste Weltkrieg - Deutungen und Haltungen 1914 bis heute, Münster: Westfälisches Dampfboot, 2017, The Journal of Modern History, 90, (4), 2018, p923 - 924
"Too early to say?" Centennial perspectives on the First World War in, editor(s)Edgar Wolfrum, Odila Triebel, Cord Arendes, Angela Siebold, Joana Duyster Borredà , European Commemoration: Locating World War I, Stuttgart, Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen, 2016, pp17 - 30, [Alan Kramer]
Alan Kramer, Review of Sintflut. Die Neuordnung der Welt 1916-1931, by Adam Tooze , Historische Zeitschrift , 203, 2016, 261-265
Hajo Jahn(ed.), XX. Else Lasker-Schüler-Forum, Der blaue Reiter ist gefallen. Else Lasker-Schüler Jubiläumsalmanach, Wuppertal and Solingen, 11, 27.-30 March 2014, Peter Hammer, 2015, 35-49 p
Alan Kramer, Review of Der Große Krieg. Die Welt 1914 bis 1918, by Herfried Münkler , Historische Zeitschrift, 300, 2015, p827-830
Alan Kramer, Review of With Our Backs to the Wall: Victory and Defeat in 1918, by David Stevenson , English Historical Review, CXXVII , (524), 2012, p216-219
Alan Kramer, Review of Civilians in a World at War, 1918-1918, by Tammy Proctor , Journal of Military History, 75, (4), 2011, p1322-1323
Alan Kramer, Review of Das symbolische Kapital der Trauer. Nation, Religion und Familie im italienischen Gefallenenkult des Ersten Weltkriegs, by Oliver Janz , English Historical Review, CXXVI, (518), 2011, p218-219
Alan Kramer, Review of Kameradschaft: Die Soldaten des nationalsozialistischen Krieges und das 20. Jahrhundert, by Thomas Kühne , The English Historical Review, CXXIV, (506), 2009, p235-238
Alan Kramer, Review of The Great War and Urban Life in Germany: Freiburg, 1914-1918, by Roger Chickering , H-Soz-Kult, 2007
Alan Kramer, Review of Die Leipziger Prozesse. Deutsche Kriegsverbrechen und ihre strafrechtliche Verfolgung nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg, by Gerd Hankel , Bulletin of the German Historical Institute London, 27, (1), 2005, p89-99
Alan Kramer, Review of War Land on the Eastern Front. Culture, National Identity, and German Occupation in World War I, by Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius , German History, 20, (2), 2002, p255-256
Research Expertise
Description
History of culture and mentalities, especially of Germany in the era of the First World War (1912-1933) and post-war Germany (1945 to 1950); atrocities in the First World War; comparative history of the laws of war; Belgium in the First World War; Italy in the First World War, the German military, 1870-1933, global history of warfare, 1900-1945. CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS: Global history of concentration camps since 1896; online encyclopedia of the First World War; fascist warfare; history of blockades in the era of the two world wars, c. 1900-1960.Projects
- Title
- International history of concentration camps
- Summary
- This project is the first transnational comparative investigation of the history of concentration camps. The history of concentration camps in Nazi Germany is now well advanced, with several scholarly histories of the concentration camps from 1933 to 1945 published over the last three decades. The history of the concentration camps of Italian Fascism, long neglected by historians, has recently been discovered as an important theme. The story of the GULag, the camp system in the Soviet Union, has been revitalized by the opening of access to the archives. However, none of the overall histories or histories of individual camps adequately examines their origins and compares their changing function in history. This project therefore is designed to test various hypotheses on the origins of the camps by systematically scrutinizing the scholarly research on the Spanish policy of 'reconcentración' in Cuba in 1896 and the British concentration camps in South Africa to the construction of the Nazi concentration camps and the post-Second World War period, and by conducting original research on the camp system in the belligerent countries of the Great War, the international learning process, the treatment of civilian internees, the development of international law and the prosecution of violations of international humanitarian law in the camps. An examination of the decision-making process that established the extermination camps in 1941 and gave the term its contemporary meaning, is essential, even if the process of genocide is not the main focus of the project. Many historians justifiably see camps as the dark side of modern human civilization. For that reason it will be a central part of the project to explain the system of incarceration: security, exclusion, punishment, economic exploitation, and eradication. First results were published in edited collections in 2011 and 2013.
Recognition
Awards and Honours
Research Prize of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
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Memberships
Royal Irish Academy
Fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
Fellow of Trinity College Dublin
German History Society (see: http://www.germanhistorysociety.org/)
Arbeitskreis Historische Friedensforschung
Arbeitskreis Militärgeschichte
Society for First World War Studies