Here you are provided with the following tools and files;

• Links in the table below will take you to metaphases from different clinical cases and their accompanying referral notes.

• A standard banded karyotype to use as a guideline is found here.
• David Adler's human idiogram at resolutions of 400, 550 and 850 bands, showing band nomenclature. You will need the Acrobat Reader to see these diagrams, essential for the identification of breakpoints.
• Download Vickman's Photoeditor if you haven't done so already. This will help you prepare karyotypes from the banded metaphases following procedures 1 or 2 explained before.
• A summary of the International System for Human Cytogenetics Nomenclature (ISCN 1995) to describe karyotypes. This document is not available on the Web, try your library.
• You could report your results as a WORD document on a floppy disk (please do not email) or as hard copy. NOTICE: Keep an eye on the time you spend preparing the karyotype. If this escalates beyond reason (say >1 hr.) then just prepare a partial karyotype with the chromosomes in just one or two of the groups A to G (where A is Nos. 1 to 3, B Nos. 4 & 5, C Nos 6-12, D Nos. 13-15, E Nos. 16-18, F Nos. 19 & 20, and G Nos. 21 and 22).
• For the fluorescent work, here you have 'Pixie', a very convenient tool for on-screen 'Spectral Analysis'.

After doing the normal karyotype, choose from the table above on this page one sample type and one metaphase with the corresponding set of notes. Prepare a karyotype and consult the relevant databases to see if your result matches the clinical description for a diagnosis. Again depending on your natural skill, after your initial attempts you could look at the clinical notes to see the nature of the abnormality, and then try to identify the relevant chromosomes in the problem cell.